Stereotypes in Advertising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Stereotypes in Advertising - Essay Example This paper shall now discuss stereotyping in advertising. It will first explain what stereotyping means; second, it will show two different examples of stereotyping (gender and age); and third, it will discuss the role of stereotyping in future advertising. Stereotyping is about sharing beliefs and values, based on personal qualities, personalities, behaviour, and traits distinct to a specific group of people (Gafencu-Bandiul, 2006). Stereotype was first used by Lippmann in 1922 in psychosociological applications where he evaluated images of the mind needed in order to sift through complicated and objective realities (Gafencu-Bandiul, 2006). At present, most researchers in psychology declare with the definition used on Leyens and colleagues (1994) who suggest implicit discussions on personality seen for specific groups of people. In terms of personalities, stereotyping relates to associated variables, mostly visual and unique, variables which assist cognitive functions. In the same vein, the direction of data from the environment supports these stereotypes (Gafencu and Bandiul, 2006). Expressing stereotypes is based on premises where behaviour is based. However, as pointed out by Cuddy and colleagues (2009) this often is not confined to behaviour alone, but on the way people express and support stereotypes within groups. Language used to describe what is observed may sometimes be different from the abstract concepts. Speech is sometimes applied to image, not so much on the written language; however stereotypes can also be manifested through written speech, film, sports, concerts, and advertisements where the stereotype would impact significantly on utterance (Gafencu and Bandiul, 2006). There are numerous gender stereotypes across the world. Due to globalization trends around the world, consideration unification of these stereotypes has been seen. Social trends like women’s emancipation, feminism, and the thirst for human rights have

The war between US and Iraq Annotated Bibliography

The war between US and Iraq - Annotated Bibliography Example Through such process, the authors were able to focus on the elite-mass dynamic seen in setting forth foreign policy options. The authors also assessed public opinion on threat perception, support for the war, and the beliefs about the possibility of terrorist attacks if the US did not implement retaliatory actions against Iraq. This study helped me gather as much information as possible on the public opinion of the war. This article discussed how the Iraqi War has sent Iraq into a political chaos and how the United States had no justified reason for its presence in Iraq. The article also discussed the insurgencies seen in Iraq as a reaction to the actions of the US government. This article brings to a sharper focus the unsupported claims of the US against Iraq and how such unfounded claims have only created more disasters for Iraq, if not for the US. This article helped me evaluate the impact of the war on Iraq and how US actions continue to cause chaos on Iraq. This research reviewed the premise that conservative-liberal identity functions as a preparation to adopt beliefs and attitude about newly politicized issues coincide with the socially accepted meanings of conservatism-liberalism. Study 1 of this research assessed in 2000, had a crucial prospective effect on the support in the invasion of Iraq in 2002 and in 2004, in relation to controlling substantive ideology, party identity, and demographics. For Study 2, the research discussed the conservative and liberal identifiers adopted positions on farm subsidy policies based on different signs which ideological groups support. I chose this paper because it discussed the impact of political discourse on the organization of political ideology. It also provided a theoretical understanding of the issue The above article is a personal account and analysis by the author on the events which unfolded in Iraq since the US declared war against it. The US troops have largely made